Alteplase is a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) used as a thrombolytic (clot-busting) medication. It works by activating plasminogen to plasmin, which then breaks down fibrin, the primary protein in blood clots. Alteplase is commonly used to treat acute ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (heart attack), and pulmonary embolism (PE). It is most effective when administered soon after the onset of symptoms, typically within 3 to 4.5 hours for stroke or 12 hours for heart attack, depending on the clinical context. Alteplase has potential risks, including bleeding, especially in patients with a high risk of hemorrhage. Monitoring during treatment is crucial to minimize complications.
